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<p>Values are not just personal beliefs but are deeply embedded in cultural, social, historical, and psychological contexts. They shape decision-making, influence behavior, and define interactions.</p>
<p>Any design process in public agency starts with mapping or addressing values of individuals</p>
<p>and partners involved in projects to align them, facilitate mutual understanding and encourage necessary conversations. This includes understanding what people want, which can range from basic needs ("I want the street to be clean") to grander ideas ("I want a just world").</p>
<p>Professional fulfillment comes from aligning creative work with your personal values. When work resonates with what an individual believes in, they feel more engaged and motivated. It is important to find organizations, teams, or projects that align with one's values early in a career.</p>
<p>In a multicultural creative team, an understanding of cultural values helps in designing projects that resonate with diverse audiences and stakeholders. </p>
<p>Example: The Afrikaanderwijk Cooperative is building a more just world from within the neighborhood. By exploring and testing new ways of living, working, and collectively caring for one another, the cooperative fosters a strong sense of community and shared responsibility. It provides services in catering, cleaning, transportation, textile production, management, knowledge-sharing, and culture. Through its cultural program—featuring exhibitions, performances, and public discussions—it envisions and experiments with new societal models. All activities are carried out by residents, ensuring that economic benefits directly support the community. As a nonprofit social enterprise, the cooperative pioneers innovative organizational methods based on shared responsibility and ownership. Together, members work toward a more inclusive vision of the future while gaining greater control over their daily lives. The cooperative’s home base, Het Gemaal, serves as a vibrant hub, connecting cultural initiatives with the broader neighborhood, from the Afrikaandermarkt to Rotterdam-Zuid, fostering engagement across the city.</p>
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<p>Expressing values can be difficult for some and may involve abstract or learned language. It is also to take into account that the expressions of values aren't the values themselves - an important distinction. Besides the fact that not everyone is used to express values in words. It is important to teach to "look behind" abstract words to find the feeling or values they represent using creative interventions that could be visual, or mediated through boundary objects or performance as examples.</p>
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<p>To make values more tangible, various methods can be used, such as co-creating, drawing, and visualizing, followed by a reflective process where participants provide feedback, for example, by asking, “Is this about safety?” Encouraging critical thinking about values can be enhanced through creative methods, including diverse forms of artistic expression and the use of physical objects rather than relying solely on verbal discussions. Since values are not always explicitly stated, beginning with a sensory or instinctive approach before verbalizing them can help individuals better connect with and articulate their core values.</p>
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<p>It is important to distinguish between working with values and working on values, as the definition of values influences how they are approached.</p>
<p>Working with values assumes that values are relatively static, focusing on understanding existing values through structured processes such as word clouds and examples. When framed as static, values can sometimes be mistaken for norms, which are inherently more stable and resistant to change.</p>
<p>Working on values, on the other hand, implies an ongoing, developmental process where individuals and organizations actively refine and strive toward an optimal expression of values. Some people view values as fixed, while others see them as evolving and continuously improving. Recognizing this distinction is essential in training programs, ensuring that spaces are designed to accommodate both perspectives.</p>
<p>Values can be either static or dynamic, and it is crucial to create environments where they can be explored and interpreted dynamically rather than being treated as rigid concepts.</p>
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<p>It is also useful to examine the fundamental differences between norms and values.</p>
<p>Norms define the minimum acceptable standards within a group or society. They are about maintaining consistency and ensuring basic expectations are met.</p>
<p>Values, in contrast, represent an aspiration toward an ideal, continuously evolving rather than adhering to a fixed maximum.</p>
<p>A key takeaway is the importance of both norms and values. Norms serve as the foundation, ensuring stability, while values drive progress by encouraging individuals and organizations to strive for better outcomes. By recognizing this interplay, training programs can better support individuals in navigating the balance between adhering to societal expectations and pursuing personal or collective aspirations.</p>
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<p>It's crucial to acknowledge and address power structures within transformation projects. This is</p>
<p>also important in the process of creating a course, as well as in designing with a</p>
<p>community. This includes questioning who has the power, who sets the rules, and whose</p>
<p>voices are heard. In working with many stakeholders with conflicting interests when working with values, an inquiry into the power structures or questioning or modifying these dynamics could be instrumental in transformation processes and chimes in with the concept of triple loop learning. </p>
<p>Also acknowledging and addressing the systemic power imbalances in terms of gender and race is crucial when working with values and creating inclusive environments. It's important for the learner to be conscious of micro, meso and macro power structures and hidden patterns. The dominant understanding and application of norms and values is often created from a white, male, perspective and it is important that other perspectives are considered.</p>
<p>In many multi stakeholder situations a modern concept of co-creation is being advocated. But in a lot of these practices, participants in the co-creation process are not equal in terms of knowledge on the subject, mandate, or awareness of consequences of certain decisions.</p>
<p>"Good practice" involves emancipating stakeholders by giving them sufficient knowledge and time and support to develop their understanding before entering a co-creation arena. Good practice also means involving stakeholders in their core role or expertise. Citizens, for example, are not experts in co-designing playgrounds. They are not aware of all the rules and regulations, costs and restrictions. But they are experts in being citizens, knowing what they need, and like, and dislike. If involved in this expert role, less frustration and higher gains are made in a co-creation situation.</p>
<p> "Bad practice" involves taking them on board without adequate information and then giving the illusion of a democratic process, in the meanwhile overruling them in critical decision making parts of the process by playing an expert card on subject matter or regulations.</p>
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<p>Sometimes it is viable to drive change through ‘hacking’ the system, in questioning power structures and achieving a positive outcome. The idea of "hacking the system" — especially in the context of creatives — is about subverting existing power structures, rules, or norms to expose flaws, provoke thought, or bring about positive social, political, or cultural change.</p>
<p>This type of hacking isn't about malicious destruction — it's a form of <strong>creative disruption</strong> that reclaims power from dominant systems or institutions. Creatives, artists, designers, and activists have historically used these methods to challenge authority, highlight injustices, or reimagine how systems could work better for society.</p>
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<p>In this context, hacking the system means using creativity as a tool to bend or break the rules from within, often playfully, subversively, or critically, to expose flaws or power imbalances in systems intended to serve society. It involves non-violent resistance expressed through humor, satire, or playfulness; subverting rules to highlight inequality or inefficiency; challenging dominant narratives and corporate systems; questioning power structures openly through art or design; reclaiming public and digital spaces; and repurposing tools of control into instruments of liberation. Examples include subversive storytelling and reframing narratives through alternative perspectives in art, journalism, or media projects, as seen in guerrilla prototyping and tactical urbanism initiatives. A notable example in city planning is a group of architects frustrated by slow bureaucratic processes who created an unauthorized pop-up pedestrian zone with community-driven seating, art, and greenery, eventually prompting the city to adopt their model into permanent policy and changing the design of urban spaces.</p>
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<p>Another strategy is engaging with power structures from within, subtly redirecting resources and decision-making toward ethical and inclusive outcomes. An example is a creative professional in a corporate setting pushing for diverse hiring practices by embedding inclusive language and requirements into policy documents.</p>
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<p>Use parody, satire, or remixing to expose contradictions in dominant ideologies or corporate messages. This is a funny, but also accessable way of finding flaws and contradictions and can be used as invite to other colleagues and stakeholders to ‘join in’. Example: A graphic designer reworks a luxury brand’s advertising to critique consumerism, sparking public discourse on sustainability.</p>
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<p>Kurt Scoop, a social worker in Curaçao, founded the Kaya Kaya festival in the neglected neighborhood of Otrobanda. He observed that residents, feeling a sense of embarrassment over the state of their public spaces, began cleaning up in anticipation of festival visitors. Recognizing this as an opportunity, he expanded the festival throughout the neighborhood without government support. He then encouraged residents to repaint their homes and invited artists to create murals on the freshly painted walls. This grassroots effort led to a complete transformation of Otrobanda, turning it into a vibrant, regenerated district that now attracts both tourists and visitors. This creative took to corporate sponsorship and used the funds and materials to empower his grassroots.</p>
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<p>Triple-Loop Learning is central to the CYANOTYPES framework and closely connected to the competence of working with values, as both stress deep reflection and ethical awareness. It begins by learning to ask meaningful questions and distinguishing whether they address actions (single-loop), strategies (double-loop), or underlying assumptions and values (triple-loop). In simple terms: single-loop asks if we are doing things right, double-loop asks if we are doing the right things, and triple-loop questions what is considered ‘right’ itself. Triple-Loop Learning goes beyond adjusting actions or strategies by challenging the values and worldviews behind decisions, aligning with the recognition of hidden biases and the cultivation of intercultural sensitivity. Both approaches empower individuals and organizations to reframe their starting assumptions. Further materials on Triple-Loop Learning are available in the CYANOTYPES toolkit for deeper exploration.</p>
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<p>Understanding others' motivations and behaviors requires an empathetic approach. Active listening helps uncover underlying values and fosters meaningful dialogue. Proven methods like can be a source of inspiration for tools and methods for bringing to the surface knowledge and wisdom of the group and practice deep listening. This in turn is instrumental to train the ability for perspective shifting and reframing. For role-playing and perspective shifts (e.g., taking on roles of different stakeholders, imagining oneself in the future or past) techniques like "time travel meditations" to prompt deeper reflection can be used.</p>
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<p>Developing competences around working with values and ethical reflection often encounters persistent misconceptions. First, many learners struggle with Triple-Loop Learning, finding it difficult to move beyond improving actions (single loop) or questioning strategies (double loop) to examining their underlying worldviews (triple loop), with interview-based approaches helping to reveal hidden blind spots. Confusion also frequently arises between working with values, understood as integrating existing values into decision-making, and working on values, which involves a dynamic process of critically evolving one’s values. Overlooking power structures is another common pitfall, with learners sometimes failing to recognize how systemic biases and institutional hierarchies shape decisions and collaborations. Limited perspective-taking further hampers learning, as individuals often stay within their familiar cognitive frames rather than embracing diverse viewpoints, a critical skill for co-creative practices. Additionally, there is often difficulty in transferring theoretical understanding into practical, real-world applications, particularly in creative industries where abstract ethical principles must be turned into tangible strategies. Misconceptions about co-creation are widespread, with some learners assuming they are co-creating when they merely execute pre-set plans without genuine stakeholder involvement. These challenges reinforce the importance of non-negotiable elements: recognizing and reflecting on implicit biases, maintaining a commitment to inclusivity and ethical decision-making, balancing personal expression with social responsibility, negotiating ethical dilemmas proactively, and practicing ethical storytelling that avoids reinforcing stereotypes—all underpinned by the principles of Triple-Loop Learning.</p>
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