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<p dir="ltr">Films that deal with non-heterosexual and/or non-cisgender characters can be read as queer films. Oftentimes, a character’s love life, relationships and/or sexuality are at the heart of these films. American examples could include award-winning dramas such as <em>Boys Don’t Cry</em> (2001), <em>Brokeback Mountain</em> (2005) and <em>Moonlight</em> (2016), but also comedies such as <em>Chasing Amy</em> (1997), <em>Another Gay Movie</em> (2006) or <em>Bros</em> (2022). European examples could include <em>Fucking Ama</em>l (1999), <em>Blue is the Warmest Colour</em> (2013) and <em>Something Must Break</em> (2014).</p>
<p><br />Important queer films can also feature characters in minor roles, especially during the time of the Hays Code or Production Code. This code was a form of self-censorship by the US film industry from 1934 to 1968, which forbade the depiction of explicit sexuality, certain forms of violence, "immoral" behaviour etc. For more information, check out the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hays_Code" target="_blank">Wikipedia entry on the Hays Code</a>. The depiction of homosexuality was among the things that were strictly forbidden in US mainstream cinema. Therefore, characters such as the cowardly lion from <em>The Wizard of O</em>z (1939) or Plato from <em>Rebel Without a Cause</em> (1955) were consciously depicted to invite a queer reading, without openly stating that these were gay or queer characters. In the case of <em>Rebel Without a Cause</em>, the Production Code Administration explicitly told Warner after reviewing one of the first drafts of the script: “It is of course vital that there be no inference of a questionable or homosexual relationship between Jim and Plato.” In the finished movie, Plato’s desire for his best friend Jim is still obvious to most audiences, despite the fact that the film never openly alludes to homosexuality.</p>
<p><strong>Assignment:</strong> Watch this clip from <em>The Wizard of Oz</em>.</p>
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<p>The cowardly lion was understood by most audiences as a queer character. In gay circles, the line “Are you a friend of Dorothy’s?” was a way of asking whether someone was homosexual without explicitly saying it. What attributes of the lion invite a queer reading of the character? Write your ideas in your learning journal.</p>
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LusofonaX:
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Diversity in Film & Media
LusofonaX:
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Diversity in Film & Media